How do disciplinary proceedings and suspension actually work against an IAS or IPS officer under the AIS Rules?

Discipline and suspension of All India Services (AIS) officers are governed by the All India Services (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1969. Suspension is by the State or Central Government; it must be followed by formal disciplinary proceedings within 90 days, or it lapses (unless the Centre records reasons in writing for an extension). Penalties range from censure to dismissal. The classic case study of frequent transfers as a de facto sanction is Ashok Khemka (1991 batch, Haryana IAS), transferred 57 times in 34 years and retired on 30 April 2025.