Composting

noun (gerund / verbal noun); also the present participle of the verb "compost"
/ˈkɒm.pɒs.tɪŋ/ (BrE) · /ˈkɑːm.poʊs.tɪŋ/ (AmE)
The controlled biological process of decomposing organic matter — such as food scraps, yard waste, and agricultural residues — by microorganisms under aerobic conditions to produce nutrient-rich humus used as a soil amendment.

✍️ Usage in a UPSC answer

Mandating decentralised composting of biodegradable waste at the household and ward level would not only divert a substantial fraction of municipal solid waste from overburdened landfills but also close the urban nutrient loop, advancing the circular-economy goals embedded in the Swachh Bharat Mission.

Synonyms

decompositionbiodegradationmulchinghumificationorganic recyclingrotting

Antonyms

incinerationlandfillingpreservationpetrification

🌱 Word Family

composting (n/v pres.p), compost (n/v), composted (adj), composter (n), compostable (adj)

🔡 Root

Latin com- = together + ponere = to place → componere = to put together → compositus; via Old Northern French compost

📜 Etymology

From Middle English compost, from Old Northern French compost ("mixture for fertilising land"), from Latin compositus ("put together"), from componere ("to put together"); the practice dates to antiquity, with the English term attested from the 15th century.

🧠 Memory Hook

"Com-post" = things "placed together" (Latin com- + ponere) in a heap to rot — like a "compound" of kitchen and garden waste that becomes a "post" of rich soil for the next planting.

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