Gorge

noun (countable)
/ɡɔːdʒ/
A narrow, steep-sided valley or ravine with near-vertical walls, cut by a river through resistant bedrock, typically where vertical erosion greatly exceeds lateral erosion. Gorges often form where rivers are superimposed or antecedent relative to uplifted terrain, or where hard rock resists widening. Himalayan gorges include those carved by the Indus, Sutlej and Brahmaputra; the Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) Grand Canyon lies in Tibet (China), around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and the river enters Arunachal Pradesh afterwards.

✍️ Usage in a UPSC answer

The Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) Grand Canyon in Tibet, where the river cuts around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis before entering Arunachal Pradesh, is a striking example of river incision.

Synonyms

canyonravinechasmdefilegulchkloofcouloir

Antonyms

valley (broad)floodplainplateaudeltaalluvial fan

🌱 Word Family

gorge (noun/verb), gorgeous (adjective, originally 'throat-adorning'), gorgeously (adverb), gorget (noun, throat armour)

🔡 Root

Old French gorge = throat, gullet; from Latin gurges = whirlpool, abyss, gullet

📜 Etymology

From Old French gorge (throat), derived from Latin gurges (whirlpool, eddy, gulf), reflecting the visual metaphor of a river cutting a 'throat' through rock.

🧠 Memory Hook

A GORGE is like the Earth's THROAT: narrow, deep, and cut by a river rushing downward like water swallowing through a gullet. The word gorge literally means throat in French.

📝 Seen in UPSC Question Papers

Real UPSC previous-year questions whose text uses “Gorge” — proof this word earns its place on your list.

Relevant across:GS1 · History, Geography & Society

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Resources
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