Adaptation

noun
/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/
The process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm or exploit beneficial opportunities.

✍️ Usage in a UPSC answer

As climate shocks intensify, India's policy emphasis must shift from reactive disaster relief towards proactive adaptation — climate-resilient cropping, drought-tolerant seeds and decentralised water harvesting that equip vulnerable communities to withstand a changing environment.

Synonyms

adjustmentmodificationaccommodationacclimatisationconversionreworking

Antonyms

rigiditystagnationmaladaptationinflexibility

🌱 Word Family

adapt (v), adaptive (adj), adaptable (adj), adapter (n), maladaptation (n), adapted (adj)

🔡 Root

Latin ad- = to + aptus = fit → aptāre = to fit → adaptāre = to adjust; French adaptation

📜 Etymology

From French adaptation, from Medieval Latin adaptātiō, from Latin adaptāre ("to fit, adjust"), from ad- ("to") + aptāre ("to fit"), from aptus ("fit, suitable").

🧠 Memory Hook

Think "ADAPT" → from Latin aptus, 'apt/fit': adaptation is making something APT for new conditions.

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Prelims 2026 Key
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