Expedient

adjective; also noun (countable)
/ɪkˈspiːdɪənt/
Convenient and practical, especially in serving an immediate advantage or short-term purpose, but typically implying a sacrifice of principle or long-term benefit for short-term pragmatic gain; as a noun, a means adopted for convenience rather than principle. In UPSC ethics discourse, 'expedient' action is contrasted with 'principled' action — a civil servant who processes a file quickly by overlooking procedural safeguards acts expediently but not ethically. The tension between the expedient and the principled runs through multiple GS Paper IV case studies on policy shortcuts and ethical compromises.

✍️ Usage in a UPSC answer

Invoking Article 356 as a politically expedient tool to dismiss elected State governments — a practice that the Supreme Court in S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994) sharply curtailed — exemplifies how constitutional provisions designed for genuine emergencies can be weaponised for short-term partisan advantage.

Synonyms

convenientpragmaticpoliticprudent (in a narrow sense)advisableutilitarian

Antonyms

principledidealisticmoralhonourableimpractical

🌱 Word Family

expediency (noun), expediently (adv), expedite (verb), expedition (noun), expeditious (adj), inexpedient (adj)

🔡 Root

Latin expedire = to free (the feet), to make ready, to facilitate (ex- = out; pes/pedis = foot)

📜 Etymology

From Latin expedientem (nominative expediens), present participle of expedire 'to free from impediment, make ready, dispatch', from ex- 'out' + pes (genitive pedis) 'foot' — the original image is of freeing tangled feet to move forward rapidly. First attested in English in the late 14th century. The pejorative connotation of 'sacrificing principle for convenience' developed by the 17th century.

🧠 Memory Hook

EXPEDIENT = EX-PEDI (free the feet) — getting something done quickly by freeing your tangled feet. It is CONVENIENT in the MOMENT, like taking a shortcut path. But beware: the shortcut path (expedient choice) often bypasses the ethically correct long route.

📝 Seen in UPSC Question Papers

Real UPSC previous-year questions whose text uses “Expedient” — proof this word earns its place on your list.

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