BharatNotes Overview
Modern Indian history (c. 1757–1947) covers the period of British colonial rule — from the East India Company's political conquest to Crown rule and eventually Indian independence. This topic focuses on how the British consolidated power, administered India, transformed its economy, and triggered social and constitutional change. The political freedom movements are covered separately under Indian Freedom Struggle.
Chapters
| # | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | British Conquest & Consolidation (1757–1857) | Battle of Plassey, Buxar, Subsidiary Alliance, Doctrine of Lapse, Governor-Generals |
| 2 | Revolt of 1857 | Causes, leaders, course, consequences, nature of the revolt |
| 3 | Social & Religious Reform Movements | Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Aligarh Movement, Periyar, Jyotirao Phule, Pandita Ramabai |
| 4 | British Land Revenue & Economic Policies | Zamindari, Ryotwari, Mahalwari, Drain of Wealth, deindustrialisation, famines |
| 5 | Education, Press & Intellectual Awakening | Macaulay's Minute, Wood's Despatch, Indian press, Orientalist-Anglicist debate |
| 6 | Colonial Administration & Civil Services | ICS structure, district administration, Covenanted vs Uncovenanted services, reforms under various governors, the colonial bureaucratic legacy |
| 7 | Constitutional Development (1773–1947) | Regulating Act to Indian Independence Act — complete evolution |
| 8 | INC Formation, Moderates vs Extremists & Swadeshi Movement | INC founded Dec 28, 1885 (A.O. Hume, 72 delegates), Moderate methods/Drain Theory, Partition of Bengal (Oct 16, 1905/Curzon), Swadeshi, Lal-Bal-Pal, Surat Split 1907, Morley-Minto Reforms 1909, Home Rule Leagues 1916, Lucknow Pact |
| 9 | Non-Cooperation, Khilafat & Civil Disobedience Movements | Rowlatt Act, Jallianwala Bagh (April 13, 1919), Khilafat, NCM withdrawal after Chauri Chaura (Feb 4, 1922), Dandi March (March 12, 1930, 385 km), Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Poona Pact (Sept 24, 1932) |
| 10 | Gandhian Era — Champaran, Kheda, Rowlatt Satyagraha | Gandhi returns Jan 9, 1915; Champaran tinkathia/Agrarian Act 1918; Kheda (Mar 22, 1918, Patel); Ahmedabad Mill Strike; Rowlatt Act Mar 18, 1919; Jallianwala Bagh Apr 13, 1919 (379 official deaths); dyarchy (GoI Act 1919) |
| 11 | Revolutionary Nationalism, INA & Subhas Chandra Bose | HSRA, Bhagat Singh (hanged March 1931), Chandrashekhar Azad, Chittagong Raid (Surya Sen, 1930), Forward Bloc, Azad Hind Government (Oct 1943), INA trials, RIN Mutiny 1946 |
| 12 | Quit India Movement, Cripps Mission & Cabinet Mission | Cripps Mission 1942, Quit India August 8, 1942, Satara/Tamralipta parallel governments, Cabinet Mission Plan 1946, Direct Action Day (Aug 1946), Mountbatten Plan June 1947 |
| 13 | Peasant, Tribal & Working Class Movements | Indigo revolt, Deccan riots, Moplah rebellion, Santhal uprising, Birsa Munda, trade unions |
| 14 | Women's Emancipation & Dalit Movements | Sati abolition, widow remarriage, women's education, Savitribai Phule, Ambedkar, Poona Pact, Periyar |
| 15 | Early Nationalist Economic Thought | Dadabhai Naoroji's Drain Theory, Romesh Chunder Dutt, Ranade, Gokhale's economic nationalism, swadeshi economics |
| 16 | World Wars & Their Impact on India | Economic, political & social consequences of WWI & WWII on India, war economy, Indian soldiers |
