BharatNotes Climate Risk
The probability of harmful consequences — loss of life, injury, infrastructure damage, livelihoods disruption — arising from the interaction of climate hazards (heatwaves, floods, cyclones, droughts) with the vulnerability and exposure of people and systems.
Context & Background
IPCC AR6 (2021–22) framing; Climate Risk = Hazard × Exposure × Vulnerability; used in the Loss & Damage discourse at UNFCCC COP meetings.
UPSC Exam Relevance
IPCC's AR6 framework; India's climate vulnerability (coasts, Himalayan glaciers, agriculture); Loss and Damage Fund established at COP27 (2022) and operationalised at COP28 (2023).
