BharatNotes Nature-Based Solutions (NbS)
Actions that protect, sustainably manage, or restore natural and modified ecosystems to address societal challenges (including disaster risk and climate adaptation) while providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits.
Context & Background
IUCN definition; mainstreamed in global climate discussions; India's initiatives — mangrove restoration for coastal protection, wetland restoration for flood buffering.
UPSC Exam Relevance
Relevant for DRR and climate adaptation; India's mangrove cover; Coastal Regulation Zone and mangrove protection; contrast with grey infrastructure (seawalls).
