BharatNotes Line of Actual Control (LAC)
The de facto boundary separating Indian-controlled territory from Chinese-controlled territory, running approximately 3,488 km across three sectors — Western (Ladakh), Middle (Himachal Pradesh/Uttarakhand), and Eastern (Arunachal Pradesh/Sikkim).
Context & Background
Term first used by China's Zhou Enlai in 1959; India accepted it post-1962 war; no mutually agreed, delineated LAC exists — both sides have differing perceptions.
UPSC Exam Relevance
Three sectors and their specific disputes (Depsang Plains, Galwan, Doklam); 1993/1996/2005/2013 border agreements; patrol points; Galwan clash June 2020; friction points.
